Overcoming the Dysfunctions of a Team

In my last post I exposed Lencioni’s five potential dysfunctions of a team. Addressing and overcoming each of the five dysfunctions is a crucial step toward improving team performance and success.

Let's explore each one – and uncover strategies for teams to navigate a clear path to success.

1) Absence of trust

Trust is the foundation of teamwork. Teams who lack trust conceal weaknesses and mistakes, are reluctant to ask for help, and jump to conclusions about the intentions of other team members. It is crucial to establish a team culture where individuals feel able to admit to mistakes and weaknesses, and use them as opportunities for development.

Strategies for developing mutual trust among team members:

1. Facilitate team-building exercises: Such activities can help team members to learn more about each other on a personal level, fostering a sense of camaraderie and understanding that can build trust.
2. Model vulnerability: You can lead by example by being open about your own mistakes and weaknesses. This can encourage team members to do the same, fostering an environment of honesty and mutual respect.
3. Promote open communication: Encourage team members to share their thoughts, ideas, and concerns openly. Try making an extra effort to include people who are a little more reserved, and recruit more outgoing members to team occasions where everyone has a chance to speak, can help create a culture of transparency and trust.

2) Fear of conflict

Teams who lack trust fear conflict and are often reluctant to discuss controversial topics and share perspectives and ideas. These discussions are necessary to enable the team to reach a decision, or agree on how to approach and resolve a problem.

Strategies to overcome a fear of conflict:

1. Establish shared rules for healthy debate: Make it clear that disagreement is not only acceptable but encouraged – as long as it's respectful and constructive.
2. Reward candor: if someone has a problem or disagreement, thank them for raising the issue, even if they don’t end up getting their own way. When issues are resolved successfully, consider sharing the story in a more open forum (when appropriate!) as an example of constructive conflict or compromise.
3. Mediate disagreements: When conflicts arise, help mediate the situation. This can help ensure that the conflict stays focused on ideas and does not become personal.

3) Lack of commitment

When teams do not engage in open discussion due to a fear of conflict, team members often feel that their ideas and opinions are not valued. They may become detached or even resentful, and fail to commit to the chosen approach or common goal as a result.

Strategies to overcome a lack of commitment:

1. Involve team members in decision-making: Ensure that everyone feels they have a voice in decisions that affect the team. This can lead to higher levels of commitment.
2. Clearly communicate the team's vision and goals: Regularly remind your team of what they're working towards to keep them committed. Provide the larger context that informs the team’s work. Make it clear how team members’ work contributes to the bigger picture by illustrating dependencies between the team’s tasks.
3. Celebrate achievements and track progress: Recognizing and celebrating when the team meets their goals can help reinforce commitment.

4) Avoidance of accountability

Team members who have not bought-in to the chosen approach or goal will not feel accountable for achieving it.

Strategies to overcome an avoidance of accountability:

1. Set clear expectations: Make sure each team member understands what is expected of them, both by the manager and one another. Invite the team to explicitly define a shared set of standards and collectively commit to sticking to them.
2. Be consistent: Apply rules and standards to everyone equally – if you are always letting certain things slide, the standards are not really ‘a standard’, and you would be better off ‘legalizing’ what you’re currently overlooking.
3. Set team targets and make progress visible: In some types of team, consider setting shared targets and making performance visible. This encourages everyone to pull their weight – some people don’t mind slacking-off on the boss but don’t want to let their mates down.
4. Lead by example: Hold yourself accountable and expect the same from your team. This can help foster a culture of responsibility and accountability.

5) Inattention to results

Team members who are not held accountable for their contributions are more likely to become distracted and focus on individual goals instead of collective success.

Strategies to increase attention to results:

1. Set team goals: Establish clear, measurable goals for the team and regularly check in on progress.
2. Reward team success: Implement a system to recognize and reward the team for achieving their goals.
3. Reiterate the importance of team success: Regularly communicate the value of collective results over individual accomplishments. Recognize and reward people for putting the team goals ahead of their own. Contextualize individual performance through how it impacts the overall success of the team.

Team dynamics play a pivotal role in the success of any organization. The intricacies of how members interact, trust, communicate, and work towards a collective goal can make or break any ‘collaboration’.

As I’ve delved deep into the dysfunctions, it’s evident that addressing them systematically transforms the fabric of group interactions and paves the way for unprecedented success.

Trust, open communication, accountability, and shared vision are not just buzzwords; they are the lifeline of a high-performing team.

So, as you move forward, remember that fostering a harmonious team environment is an ongoing process that offers invaluable rewards. Here’s to building teams that function efficiently and thrive together!

Teamwork: The Five Dysfunctions of a Team

One of the most interesting models of team effectiveness was developed by Patrick Lencioni (2005). According to him, all teams have the potential to be dysfunctional. To improve the functioning of a team, it is critical to understand the type and level of dysfunction.

There are five potential dysfunctions of a team in Lencioni’s model:

1. Absence of Trust:

This occurs when team members are unwilling to be vulnerable with each other, hiding weaknesses or mistakes, and not being open to asking for help. This lack of vulnerability prevents the development of trust, which is the foundation of a high-performing team.

2. Fear of Conflict:

Teams where trust is absent are often unable to engage in healthy, constructive debate. They may avoid conflict or seek artificial harmony, which can lead to a lack of clear thinking and decision-making.

3. Lack of Commitment:

When teams fear conflict, they may struggle to commit to decisions and plans of action. This can result in ambiguity and a lack of clear direction, making it difficult to move forward effectively.

4. Avoidance of Accountability:

Without clear commitments and a willingness to hold each other accountable, teams may struggle to address shortcomings or unproductive behaviors. This can lead to a decline in overall performance and a feeling of team members not being held responsible for their actions.

5. Inattention to Results:

When the previous dysfunctions are present, team members may prioritize their own individual needs and goals over the team's overall success. This can lead to a lack of focus on achieving collective results and a diminished sense of shared purpose.

Each of these dysfunctions has the ability to wreak havoc in a team, significantly impacting its members’ ability to work together effectively and achieve their goals. Regardless of the skill or experience, the more dysfunctions present, the less likely a team is to perform.

Luckily, Lencioni posits that if a team acknowledges and addresses the dysfunctions head-on, they can improve their performance. The benefits of that should be pretty clear, but I think Lencioni says it best with this quote:

“If you could get all the people in an organization rowing in the same direction, you could dominate any industry, in any market, against any competition, at any time.”

― Patrick Lencioni, The Five Dysfunctions of a Team: A Leadership Fable

In a future post I’ll address how to overcome the 5 dysfunctions of a team.

How to Set Team Goals that Drive Success

Most managers know how important it is to set goals for themselves and their teams. Without some form of direction, teams will meander and just deal with the urgent things that crop up every day.

As leaders, the crucial task of team goal setting falls on your shoulders — it’s your responsibility to establish what needs to get done, what tasks to delegate to whom, and how to bring everyone together to meet every objective. 

When employees have a clear understanding of company objectives and how their work collectively contributes to reaching these, they become an aligned, motivated, and higher-performing workforce — exactly what drives business success. 

With goals to aim for, teams work together to attain something that psychologists call ‘subliminal directives. That is, they have a direction to take that they don’t have to think too deeply about…it just becomes a natural tour-de-force. 

But how should these goals be set? Here are some tips to ensure they are inspiring for the team: 

Few in number: This focuses the mind, so people aren’t pulled in all directions 

Stretching: This makes people work smarter and takes their thinking ‘out of the box’ 

Focused on outcomes: This ensures results are focused on, not activities 

Captivating: They make people desire the outcomes, hence putting more discretionary energy into them 

Valuable: Goals are seen as important to all stakeholders inside and outside the team 

Aligned with values: They are seen as taking the team in the direction they wish to go 

Reduce silo mentality: Goals need collaboration and co-operation from people and teams outside the confines of the department 

These seven components help the team to buy-in to the concepts of teamwork, as they help them achieve and attain something of a higher nature than just doing a job. Relate goals to what will make the team feel successful about themselves, creating a willingness and desire to go out of their way to work smarter. 

The best goals are aimed at providing results that have a real meaning for team members, helping them on the direction towards the vision and mission of the department or organization. That’s a powerful reason why people should be wanting to achieve the goals you set. 

By implementing these tips, teams can enhance performance, foster collaboration, and maintain motivation and engagement. Remember, the journey to achieving successful team goals is continuous and requires dedication, adaptability, and a supportive environment. 

How to Improve Team Collaboration at Work

For an organization to run smoothly and meet its goals, it is important to foster a work environment that supports collaboration amongst colleagues. Unfortunately for most organizations, team cooperation does not occur naturally. You must make an effort and take steps to help build and sustain a cooperative work environment.

Team cooperation in the workplace can mean many things. It involves the level at which employees participate in decision-making, how management and employees work together to resolve problems, and how all levels of the organization work together to achieve common goals.

If you know collaboration is important but your team still hasn’t quite mastered it, don’t worry — here are some ways to improve those skills.

1. Teamwork must become part of your workplace culture

For coworkers to successfully collaborate, the leadership within the organization must work to make collaboration one of the key values of the enterprise. Employees must see that the leadership within the firm works together as a team to accomplish goals. Also, the company’s leadership must award teams publicly when they are successful at working together to achieve their objectives.

To truly improve cooperation skills, leaders must provide an environment where employees are not afraid to share their ideas. Leaders must create a culture with positive team dynamics where the exchange of ideas is encouraged and rewarded. Teamwork and collaboration must be a central theme of the corporate culture to improve team cooperation.

2. Provide teams with the resources they need to work collaboratively

To make improvements with communication, the organization must provide the necessary resources to the teams. This includes comfortable workspaces where the teams can work together. If the teams are spread out amongst different locations, then the organization must provide the resources that allow the teams to work together remotely, such as video conferencing.

3. Be an example

Being the leader of a team requires setting an example of collaboration because team members often react to the environment that managers create. You can use your role as manager or team leader to exhibit being open to new suggestions. You may also support team members who are debuting a new skill or contributing a new idea, which helps expand the team's skill set.

4. Clarifying roles and setting expectations

Organizations will find when all employees are on the same page, team collaboration will quickly become a seamless and natural process. Making sure each employee understands – not only his or her role, but also the roles of the people around them will help everyone understand the big picture and how they fit into the larger puzzle.

It is also imperative that the leadership sets clear expectations for teams so that as employees work together, everyone is clear on which goal or objective needs to be reached.

5. Encourage openness and feedback

In order for your team to collaborate together successfully, they need to feel comfortable in sharing their thoughts, opinions, ideas, concerns, and feedback.

It’s important to foster an environment that encourages openness and feedback. Encourage constructive criticism, share successes and failures with your team, and let them know there’s no such thing as a stupid question! When people feel safe enough to speak openly, teams can work together more successfully.

6. Resolve team conflict quickly

No team will ever be perfect, and it is crucial for organizations to recognize this and have a system in place to handle any conflicts that arise. The system should allow any employee to share their concerns without repercussions. Also, employees should be allowed to have input on any solution to implemented by the organization.

Employees who know there is a system in place and are comfortable knowing the dispute will be handled fairly will be able to work with other team members in a healthy and collaborative manner.

7. Celebrate and reward successful teamwork

How you measure your team’s success will signal what kind of company you are. If you reward effective teamwork and successful collaboration, you communicate the values underpinning your business.

When you design your employee appraisal metrics, focus on team collaboration and individual successes. Make it clear that your employees’ team efforts will be noted, and collaborative achievements rewarded.

The teamwork and collaboration examples above are vital for a productive, efficient, and engaged workforce — but they’ll only work if your team knows how to collaborate. Luckily, it is possible to learn these skills and improve them over time so anyone can become a more collaborative worker.

Lean Quote: The Goose Story Teaches Lessons in Teamwork

On Fridays I will post a Lean related Quote. Throughout our lifetimes many people touch our lives and leave us with words of wisdom. These can both be a source of new learning and also a point to pause and reflect upon lessons we have learned. Within Lean active learning is an important aspect on this journey because without learning we can not improve.

"I've shown the players geese videos. I've shown them why geese fly in V formation, what everybody's role is, how geese support each other and, most importantly, why you fly further together. That's the bottom line. Geese wouldn't be able to migrate to the sun without all traveling together. It's the same for us."   —  Emma Hayes, US Women’s Soccer Gold Metal Coach

I share with you the Goose Story by Dr. Harry Clarke Noyes in the hopes that it might also inspire you to collaborate, share with & learn from others with the goal of becoming a better leader.

 THE GOOSE STORY

 BY DR. HARRY CLARKE NOYES

 

Next

fall, when

you see Geese

heading South for

the Winter, flying along

in V formation, you might

consider what science has dis‐

covered as to why they fly that way:

as each bird flaps its wings, it creates an

uplift for the bird immediately following. By

flying in V formation the whole flock adds at least

71% greater flying range than if each bird flew on its own.

 

Key Takeaway: People who share a common direction and sense of community can get where they are going more quickly and easily because they are traveling on the thrust of one another.

When

a goose falls

out of formation,

it suddenly feels the drag

and resistance of trying to go it alone

and quickly gets back into formation to take

advantage of the lifting power of the bird in front.

 Key Takeaway: If we have as much sense as a goose, we will stay in formation with those who are headed the same way we are.

When

the Head Goose

gets tired, it rotates back

in the wing and another goose flies point.

 Key Takeaway: It is sensible to take turns doing demanding jobs.

Geese

honk from behind to

encourage those up front to keep up their speed.

 

 

Key Takeaway: As a leader, how are you communicating with; and encouraging your team?

Finally,

and this is important,

when a goose gets sick, or is

wounded by gunshots and falls out

of formation, two other geese fall out with that

goose and follow it down to lend help and protection.

They stay with the fallen goose until it is able to fly, or until

it dies. Only then do they launch out on their own, or with another formation

to catch up with their group

Key Takeaway: If we have the sense of a goose, we will stand by each other like that.

 

Unlock the Power of Teamwork

Have you ever seen a team fall apart because of bickering, infighting, or a failure of accountability? Not only is it frustrating to watch, it's also incredibly disheartening.

Patrick Lencioni, author of The Five Dysfunctions of a Team, defines “Teamwork is the state achieved by a group of people working together who trust one another, engage in healthy conflict, commit to decisions, hold one another accountable, and focus on collective results.”

High performing teams are the cornerstone of healthy and cohesive organizations.  Building these teams is not a complicated task, but many leaders fail because they allow one of the following issues to manifest within the team.

TRUST – A team needs to be comfortable with being vulnerable with each other about their weaknesses, mistakes, fears, and behaviors. Trust grows when relationships are strong!

CONFLICT – A team needs to share their passions, disagree, and challenge and question one another.  The stronger the relationships, the healthier the conflict!

COMMITMENT -   A team buys into important decisions (even if they initially disagree) once all ideas and opinions have been considered. Strong relationships promote buy-in!

ACCOUNTABILITY -  A team does not rely on their leader to be the primary source of accountability but rather deals with their peers directly. Strong relationships build comfort levels creating the ability to discuss missed deliverables and mistakes, and encourages ownership.

RESULTS -   Teams that trust one another, engage in conflict, commit to decisions and hold one another accountable are more likely to put aside their individual needs and focus on what is best for the team as a whole. When relationships are strong, team needs become the priority!

Use your awareness of the five dysfunctions to recognize issues as they happen, so that you can help your team to be more effective. And remember that these are just five of the factors that can affect the performance of your team, so use these alongside other team effectiveness tools.